6. Saying something false
This passage seems straightforward enough to the naked eye, but what is its exact logic?
Saying something false is not the same as lying because lying always involves deliberate deception whereas saying something false does not always do so. For example, a man who says something false because he is honestly mistaken about the facts does not deliberately deceive.
| | A man who says something false because he is honestly mistaken about the facts does not deliberately deceive |
Lying always involves deliberate deception | | Saying something false does not always involve deliberate deception |
| Saying something false is not the same as lying | |